Făgăraș Fortress – history
The construction of the Făgăraș Fortress began in 1310 and was initially thought of as a strategic bastion, intended to defend the south-east of Transylvania from the threats of constant incursions by the Tatars and Ottomans.

In the 16th century, under the rule of voivode Ștefan Mailat, the fortress experienced a new era of transformations and consolidations.

The defensive walls were doubled in thickness and the interior spaces were adapted to serve new strategic needs. However, in 1541, the fortress was besieged by the Ottomans under the command of Mustafa Pasha, and Stefan Mailat fell prisoner and died in captivity in Constantinople ten years later.

In 1599, Michael the Brave, who became prince of Transylvania, occupied the fortress and gave it to his wife, Mrs. Stanca, turning it into a safe shelter for the princely family and the princely treasury.

In the following years, the fortress experienced new transformations and expansions. In 1617, two levels were added to the southwest tower, also known as the Red Tower, giving the fortress an imposing silhouette and increased functionality.

During the 17th century, Făgăraș became a real political and administrative center of the principality of Transylvania, the princely residence finding its place here.

In 1630, the defense ditch was widened and connected to the Olt River by a secret canal, and the fortress was strengthened and modernized to cope with new military technologies. Also during this period, the cellars were turned into dungeons for those who dared to revolt against the authorities.

After the passage of Transylvania under Habsburg rule in 1696, the Făgăraș Fortress was taken over by the Austrians and was used as a barracks and military prison.

After periods of decay and abandonment, the fortress was restored and redeveloped in the 20th century. Between 1948 and 1960, it served as a prison for opponents of the communist regime, thus also reflecting another dark side of its history.

In the following period, extensive repair and restoration works were carried out, thus consolidating the status of the fortress as a symbol of Transylvania's identity and history.