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The ride covered 21.2 km with 551 m of ascent and 551 m of descent, set along a rolling profile of repeated short climbs, broken descents, agricultural tracks, and interconnected movement corridors across central Apokoronas. Moving time totalled 1:20:48, with an ascent time of 0:44:21 and descent in 0:36:27. Gradients reached +19.3% on the steeper sections and –14.6% on the way down. Maximum speed recorded was 46.6 km/h, averaging 15.8 km/h across rough limestone track, compacted gravel, broken concrete, eroded double-track, agricultural access lanes, and village tarmac, with 80% off-road. It was a winding and stepped route — terrain-linked movement stitched together through older lines of access that still dictate practical movement across the basin.
Climb profile (summary):
6 climbs | Total structured effort
Longest: C6 – 1.5 km @ 7.1%
Steepest: C4 – 22.8%
Final: C6 – 1.5 km @ 7.1%
Climb profile (C1–Cn):
C1: 0.4 km | -4.7% | +25.4%
C2: 0.7 km | -3.5% | +15.5%
C3: 0.8 km | -1.3% | +16.5%
C4: 0.4 km | -4.9% | +22.8%
C5: 0.5 km | +4.0% | +18.3%
C6: 1.5 km | -6.6% | +18.2%
A mandináda is a traditional Cretan rhyming couplet, normally composed in fifteen-syllable political verse. It is used to express movement, memory, love, grief, humour, history, landscape, and daily life. In Crete, mandinádes are often improvised and exchanged verbally, particularly during music gatherings and village celebrations.
I have occasionally incorporated mandinádes into my ride narratives.
The structure works well as a compressed route sequence because it preserves rhythm, place order, and movement through terrain.
From Kokkino Chorio out toward Kambia’s rising line,
Down Four Hills through broken rock where old erosion signs.
Across the tracks of Aspro ground and into Gavalochori,
Coffee taken in the square before the climbs grew harder.
Up Plague Hill through loose-cut stone and Douliana’s turning,
Then Brian’s descent through gravel bends where tyres kept searching.
Past Prophet Elijah high above the basin floor,
Through rutted tracks and olive groves where old wheel marks still score.
The valley climb rose steadily before the sharp ascent,
Then Aspro’s tarmac dragged the line through every gradient.
Along St. Basil’s roughened track and back through Four Hills way,
To Kambia and Kokkino where the old lines still remain.
Comparison of Today’s Route Against the WWII Maps
Today’s route repeatedly aligned with movement corridors visible on the wartime 1:50,000 British Army survey sheets covering the Souda–Vamos sector of Apokoronas. These maps, produced and revised during the Second World War by Royal Engineers field survey units, recorded not only metalled roads but also secondary agricultural tracks, mule paths, ridge routes, drainage crossings, wells, churches, terraces, and village connectors considered operationally important for movement across Crete.
The opening tarmac route from Kokkino Chorio to Kambia follows an older ridge-aligned movement corridor already visible on the wartime mapping. Although the modern surface has changed, the route itself remains terrain-led, contouring the high ground rather than dropping unnecessarily into the lower folds of the basin.
The descent of Four Hills and the transition onto the Aspro Tracks correspond closely with a network of minor agricultural and mule-track connections shown on the wartime sheets. These routes linked cultivation zones, threshing areas, grazing ground, and neighbouring villages long before modern agricultural vehicles widened sections of the track.
The Gavalochori sector remains one of the clearest surviving examples of continuity between wartime mapping and present-day movement. The wartime maps show a dense convergence of secondary lines around the village, reflecting its longstanding role as a local movement and agricultural junction within central Apokoronas.
The ascent of Plague Hill and the Douliana Track Climb continue through terrain where wartime surveyors recorded multiple branching movement options rather than single engineered roads. The surviving route geometry still reflects practical movement through broken limestone terrain shaped by drainage, slope angle, terrace systems, and agricultural access.
The climb toward Prophet Elijah follows the traditional Cretan pattern of elevated chapel placement on commanding ground. The wartime maps consistently marked such locations because they functioned not only as religious landmarks but also as navigational reference points visible across multiple sectors of the surrounding terrain.
The ruttered descent, Oliver Groves Track, and Valley Ascent Track all pass through agricultural ground where many of the surviving route lines remain substantially unchanged in alignment despite surface erosion and modern use. In several sectors the current E-MTB route still occupies the exact practical corridor shown on the wartime sheets.
The Aspro Tarmac Climb demonstrates another recurring feature visible throughout Apokoronas: in many places the modern tarmac road overlays a far older movement line rather than creating a new one. The wartime maps frequently show the earlier route beneath or beside today’s surfaced roads.
St. Basil’s Track and the final ascent of Four Hills return to terrain where the continuity between wartime mapping and modern riding becomes particularly clear. The surviving track systems continue to follow the same contour logic, drainage avoidance, ridge crossing points, and agricultural boundaries recorded more than eighty years ago.
The comparison confirms the central observation repeated throughout “The Old Lines Still Hold” series:
Across Apokoronas, terrain continues to dictate movement. Roads improve, surfaces change, and tracks widen or deteriorate, but the underlying route structure remains remarkably consistent with the wartime mapping because the geography itself still imposes the same practical solutions.
| By: | Alan E-MTBCRETE |
| Started in: | Κρήτη, GR |
| Distance: | 21.3 km |
| Selected: | 21.3 km |
| Elevation: | + 554 / - 555 m |
| Moving Time: | 01:20:48 |
| Page Views: | 2 |
| Departed: | May 12, 2026, 10:00 am |
| Starts in: | Κρήτη, GR |
| Distance: | 21.3 km |
| Selected distance: | 21.3 km |
| Elevation: | + 554 / - 555 m |
| Max Grade: | |
| Avg Grade | |
| Cat | |
| FIETS | |
| VAM | |
| Ascent time | |
| Descent time | |
| Total Duration: | 01:52:50 |
| Selection Duration: | 6770 |
| Moving Time: | 01:20:48 |
| Selection Moving Time: | 01:20:48 |
| Stopped Time: | 00:32:02 |
| Calories: | 417 |
| Max Watts: | |
| Avg Watts: | 86 |
| WR Power | |
| Work | |
| Max Speed: | 46.7 kph |
| Avg Speed: | 15.8 kph |
| Pace: | 00:05:18 |
| Moving Pace: | 00:03:47 |
Best format for turn-by-turn directions on modern Garmin Edge Devices
Best format for turn by turn directions on Edge 500, 510. Will provide true turn by turn navigation on Edge 800, 810, 1000, Touring including custom cue entries. Great for training when we release those features. Not currently optimal for Virtual Partner.
Useful for uploading your activity to another service, keeping records on your own computer etc.
Useful for any GPS unit. Contains no cuesheet entries, only track information (breadcrumb trail). Will provide turn by turn directions (true navigation) on the Edge 705/800/810/1000/Touring, but will not have any custom cues. Works great for Mio Cyclo. Find GPS specific help in our help system.
Estimated Time shows a prediction of how long it would take you to ride a given route. This number is based on your recent riding history, and represents an estimate of moving time. Each time you upload a new ride, your Estimated Time profile will adjust to reflect your most recent riding. Only rides exceeding 10 miles (16 km) will affect these estimates.
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